bcoder

LeakCanary入门教程

分类：Android, Java 阅读 (1,096) No Responses »

1月 122018

首先在gradle中添加库的依赖，如下：

dependencies {


    debugImplementation 'com.squareup.leakcanary:leakcanary-android:1.6.3'
    releaseImplementation 'com.squareup.leakcanary:leakcanary-android-no-op:1.6.3'
    // Optional, if you use support library fragments:
    debugImplementation 'com.squareup.leakcanary:leakcanary-support-fragment:1.6.3'
}

dependencies {

debugImplementation 'com.squareup.leakcanary:leakcanary-android:1.6.3'

releaseImplementation 'com.squareup.leakcanary:leakcanary-android-no-op:1.6.3'

// Optional, if you use support library fragments:

debugImplementation 'com.squareup.leakcanary:leakcanary-support-fragment:1.6.3'

}

releaseImplementation依赖库是用于在release包中，只有LeakCanary的各种方法的壳，但是没有具体的实现，防止在给用户的release包中也进行内存检测操作。

然后新建一个Application类，并在此Application类的onCreate中加入以下代码

public class MusicApplication extends Application {

    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();

        //如果已经在检测这个Application则return
        if(LeakCanary.isInAnalyzerProcess(this)){
            return;
        }

        LeakCanary.install(this);

        //你的Application的初始化代码
    }

}

public class MusicApplication extends Application {

@Override

public void onCreate() {

super.onCreate();

//如果已经在检测这个Application则return

if(LeakCanary.isInAnalyzerProcess(this)){

return;

}

LeakCanary.install(this);

//你的Application的初始化代码

}

打开一个Activity，在关闭的时候如果有内存泄漏，LeakCanary将会在通知栏显示图片，点击图标即可看到详细的内存泄漏报告，如下图所示：

Java中的Atomic类

分类：Android, Java, Java语言阅读 (1,683) No Responses »

1月 062018

Atomic类用于保证变量操作的原子性，先记录，有时间再进行研究 :-(

打包apk时出现Cannot recover key的错误

分类：Android, Java 阅读 (4,354) 已关闭评论

11月 252017

出现这种错误一般是输入的keystore的密钥有问题了

重新输入一下打包的密钥就可以了

ubuntu14.04编译Android4.4源码注意事项

分类：Android, Java 阅读 (2,659) No Responses »

11月 212017

需要安装的库(下载代码前)：

sudo apt-get install curl

sudo apt-get install git

需要安装的库（编译前）：

sudo apt-get install git git-core gnupg flex bison gperf build-essential zip curl zlib1g-dev libc6-dev

sudo apt-get install lib32ncurses5-dev x11proto-core-dev libx11-dev

sudo apt-get install lib32z-dev libgl1-mesa-dev g++-multilib mingw32 tofrodos python-markdown

sudo apt-get install lib32readline-gplv2-dev

sudo apt-get install libxml2-utils

repo sync只同步部分代码的方法

分类：Others, Others 阅读 (14,941) No Responses »

11月 172017

　　每次下载安卓源码都要花1天的多的时间，而且在公司下载几十个G也占用别的人网速，所以对于只关注部分代码的人，可以只同步某些项目，这样节省时间和带宽。
本文所说内容是以你repo init成功为基础的。
　　首先打开源码目录下的.repo目录，打开manifest.xml，里面是一个子项目列表，其中xml节点中的name属性为我们需要用的
比如下载platform/packages/apps/Bluetooth的命令如下：

~/bin/repo sync platform/packages/apps/Bluetooth

1	~/bin/repo sync platform/packages/apps/Bluetooth

　　有的时候这个manifest.xml并没有你想要的那个项目，你可以根据安卓官方的源码结构添加进去，比如下面几个就是我手动添加的：

<project path="external/bluetooth/bluedroid" name="platform/external/bluetooth/bluedroid" groups="pdk" />
<project path="external/bluetooth/bluez" name="platform/external/bluetooth/bluez" groups="pdk" />
<project path="external/bluetooth/glib" name="platform/external/bluetooth/glib" groups="pdk" />
<project path="external/bluetooth/hcidump" name="platform/external/bluetooth/hcidump" groups="pdk" />

　　另外如果你想同时下载多个项目也是支持的，在不同的项目后面加上空格分隔即可，如下：

~/bin/repo sync platform/external/bluetooth/bluedroid platform/external/bluetooth/bluez platform/external/bluetooth/glib platform/external/bluetooth/hcidump

1	~/bin/repo sync platform/external/bluetooth/bluedroid platform/external/bluetooth/bluez platform/external/bluetooth/glib platform/external/bluetooth/hcidump

　链接：

安卓官方源码库：https://android.googlesource.com/
清华镜像下载：https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/help/AOSP/

使用adb获取Android系统版本号

分类：Android, Android, Java, Operating System 阅读 (20,998) No Responses »

11月 142017

使用adb shell getprop即可获得Android系统的版本号，如下：

获取系统版本：adb shell getprop ro.build.version.release

获取系统api版本：adb shell getprop ro.build.version.sdk

获取系统版本：adb shell getprop ro.build.version.release

获取系统api版本：adb shell getprop ro.build.version.sdk

另外直接执行adb shell getprop还可以获得更多的系统属性，如下是我机器显示的结果：

[alsa.mixer.capture.headset]: [Capture]
[alsa.mixer.capture.master]: [Capture]
[alsa.mixer.playback.headset]: [Headphone]
[alsa.mixer.playback.master]: [Playback]
[alsa.mixer.playback.speaker]: [Playback]
[back_camera_name]: [adv7180_decoder]
[back_camera_orient]: [0]
[camera.disable_zsl_mode]: [1]
[dalvik.vm.dexopt-flags]: [m=y]
[dalvik.vm.heapgrowthlimit]: [64m]
[dalvik.vm.heapmaxfree]: [8m]
[dalvik.vm.heapminfree]: [512k]
[dalvik.vm.heapsize]: [384m]
[dalvik.vm.heapstartsize]: [8m]
[dalvik.vm.heaptargetutilization]: [0.75]
[dalvik.vm.jniopts]: [warnonly]
[dalvik.vm.stack-trace-file]: [/data/anr/traces.txt]
[debug.egl.hw]: [1]
[debug.force_rtl]: [0]
[debug.sf.enable_hgl]: [1]
[debug.sf.showfps]: [0]
[dev.bootcomplete]: [1]
[dhcp.wlan0.dns1]: [192.168.8.5]
[dhcp.wlan0.dns2]: [114.114.114.114]
[dhcp.wlan0.dns3]: []
[dhcp.wlan0.dns4]: []
[dhcp.wlan0.domain]: []
[dhcp.wlan0.gateway]: [192.168.23.1]
[dhcp.wlan0.ipaddress]: [192.168.23.100]
[dhcp.wlan0.leasetime]: [86400]
[dhcp.wlan0.mask]: [255.255.255.0]
[dhcp.wlan0.mtu]: []
[dhcp.wlan0.pid]: [1440]
[dhcp.wlan0.reason]: [REBOOT]
[dhcp.wlan0.result]: [ok]
[dhcp.wlan0.server]: [192.168.23.1]
[dhcp.wlan0.vendorInfo]: []
[front_camera_name]: [uvc]
[front_camera_orient]: [0]
[gsm.current.phone-type]: [1]
[gsm.network.type]: [Unknown]
[gsm.operator.alpha]: []
[gsm.operator.iso-country]: []
[gsm.operator.isroaming]: [false]
[gsm.operator.numeric]: []
[gsm.ril.delay]: [15]
[gsm.sim.state]: [NOT_READY]
[hw.backlight.dev]: [pwm-backlight.0]
[hw.bluetooth]: [0]
[hwc.enable_dither]: [1]
[hwc.stretch.filter]: [1]
[init.svc.adbd]: [running]
[init.svc.blueletd]: [running]
[init.svc.bootanim]: [stopped]
[init.svc.console]: [running]
[init.svc.debuggerd]: [running]
[init.svc.dhcpcd_wlan0]: [running]
[init.svc.drm]: [running]
[init.svc.healthd]: [running]
[init.svc.installd]: [running]
[init.svc.keystore]: [running]
[init.svc.magd]: [stopped]
[init.svc.mcu_server]: [running]
[init.svc.media]: [running]
[init.svc.netd]: [running]
[init.svc.ril-daemon]: [running]
[init.svc.sdcard]: [running]
[init.svc.servicemanager]: [running]
[init.svc.surfaceflinger]: [running]
[init.svc.tw8836]: [stopped]
[init.svc.ueventd]: [running]
[init.svc.vold]: [running]
[init.svc.watchdogd]: [running]
[init.svc.wifi_mac]: [stopped]
[init.svc.wpa_supplicant]: [running]
[init.svc.zygote]: [running]
[media.omxgm.enable-player]: [1]
[media.omxgm.enable-record]: [1]
[media.omxgm.enable-scan]: [1]
[media.wfd.video-bitrate]: [adaptive]
[net.bt.name]: [Android]
[net.change]: [net.dns2]
[net.dns1]: [192.168.8.5]
[net.dns2]: [114.114.114.114]
[net.hostname]: [android-4e5bb95fd128e923]
[net.qtaguid_enabled]: [1]
[net.tcp.buffersize.default]: [4096,87380,110208,4096,16384,110208]
[net.tcp.buffersize.edge]: [4093,26280,35040,4096,16384,35040]
[net.tcp.buffersize.ethernet]: [524288,2097152,4194304,524288,2097152,4194304]
[net.tcp.buffersize.evdo]: [4094,87380,262144,4096,16384,262144]
[net.tcp.buffersize.gprs]: [4092,8760,11680,4096,8760,11680]
[net.tcp.buffersize.hsdpa]: [4094,87380,262144,4096,16384,262144]
[net.tcp.buffersize.hspa]: [4094,87380,262144,4096,16384,262144]
[net.tcp.buffersize.hspap]: [4094,87380,1220608,4096,16384,1220608]
[net.tcp.buffersize.hsupa]: [4094,87380,262144,4096,16384,262144]
[net.tcp.buffersize.lte]: [524288,1048576,2097152,262144,524288,1048576]
[net.tcp.buffersize.umts]: [4094,87380,110208,4096,16384,110208]
[net.tcp.buffersize.wifi]: [524288,1048576,2097152,262144,524288,1048576]
[persist.sampling_profiler]: [1]
[persist.sys.country]: [CN]
[persist.sys.dalvik.vm.lib]: [libdvm.so]
[persist.sys.language]: [zh]
[persist.sys.localevar]: []
[persist.sys.profiler_ms]: [0]
[persist.sys.usb.config]: [mtp,adb]
[ro.FSL_AAC_PARSER]: [1]
[ro.FSL_ASF_PARSER]: [0]
[ro.FSL_AVI_PARSER]: [1]
[ro.FSL_FLAC_PARSER]: [1]
[ro.FSL_FLV_PARSER]: [1]
[ro.FSL_MKV_PARSER]: [1]
[ro.FSL_MPG2_PARSER]: [1]
[ro.FSL_REAL_PARSER]: [0]
[ro.adb.secure]: [1]
[ro.allow.mock.location]: [1]
[ro.baseband]: [unknown]
[ro.board.platform]: [imx6]
[ro.boot.console]: [ttymxc3]
[ro.boot.hardware]: [freescale]
[ro.boot.selinux]: [disabled]
[ro.boot.serialno]: [0a05a1d4e6b61f90]
[ro.bootloader]: [unknown]
[ro.bootmode]: [unknown]
[ro.build.characteristics]: [tablet]
[ro.build.date.utc]: [1508731143]
[ro.build.date]: [2017年 10月 23日 星期一 11:59:03 CST]
[ro.build.description]: [sabreauto_6q-eng 4.4.3 2.0.0-rc2 20150123 dev-keys]
[ro.build.display.id]: [sabreauto_6q-eng 4.4.3 2.0.0-rc2 20150123 dev-keys]
[ro.build.fingerprint]: [Freescale/sabreauto_6q/sabreauto_6q:4.4.3/2.0.0-rc2/20150123:eng/dev-keys]
[ro.build.host]: [chinatsp]
[ro.build.id]: [2.0.0-rc2]
[ro.build.product]: [sabreauto_6q]
[ro.build.tags]: [dev-keys]
[ro.build.type]: [eng]
[ro.build.user]: [xuganggen]
[ro.build.version.codename]: [REL]
[ro.build.version.incremental]: [20150123]
[ro.build.version.release]: [4.4.3]
[ro.build.version.sdk]: [19]
[ro.carrier]: [unknown]
[ro.config.alarm_alert]: [Alarm_Classic.ogg]
[ro.config.notification_sound]: [OnTheHunt.ogg]
[ro.crypto.state]: [unencrypted]
[ro.debuggable]: [1]
[ro.factorytest]: [0]
[ro.hardware.lightsensor]: [/sys/class/i2c-dev/i2c-1/device/1-0044/]
[ro.hardware]: [freescale]
[ro.kernel.android.checkjni]: [1]
[ro.lightsensor.threshold]: [20]
[ro.opengles.version]: [196608]
[ro.product.board]: [SABREAUTO]
[ro.product.brand]: [Freescale]
[ro.product.cpu.abi2]: [armeabi]
[ro.product.cpu.abi]: [armeabi-v7a]
[ro.product.device]: [sabreauto_6q]
[ro.product.locale.language]: [en]
[ro.product.locale.region]: [US]
[ro.product.manufacturer]: [Freescale]
[ro.product.model]: [SABREAUTO-MX6Q]
[ro.product.name]: [sabreauto_6q]
[ro.revision]: [0]
[ro.ril.wake_lock_timeout]: [300]
[ro.runtime.firstboot]: [86414407]
[ro.secure]: [0]
[ro.serialno]: [0a05a1d4e6b61f90]
[ro.sf.hwrotation]: [0]
[ro.sf.lcd_density]: [160]
[ro.tether.denied]: [false]
[ro.wifi.channels]: []
[ro.zygote.disable_gl_preload]: [true]
[rw.VIDEO_RENDER_NAME]: [video_render.surface]
[service.bootanim.exit]: [1]
[sys.boot_completed]: [1]
[sys.emulated.battery]: [1]
[sys.interactive]: [active]
[sys.settings_global_version]: [2]
[sys.sysctl.extra_free_kbytes]: [16200]
[sys.usb.config]: [mtp,adb]
[sys.usb.state]: [mtp,adb]
[system_init.startsurfaceflinger]: [0]
[vold.post_fs_data_done]: [1]
[wifi.ap.interface]: [wlan0]
[wifi.interface]: [wlan0]
[wlan.driver.status]: [ok]
[wlan.interface]: [wlan0]

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

109

110

111

112

113

114

115

116

117

118

119

120

121

122

123

124

125

126

127

128

129

130

131

132

133

134

135

136

137

138

139

140

141

142

143

144

145

146

147

148

149

150

151

152

153

154

155

156

157

158

159

160

161

162

163

164

165

166

167

168

169

170

171

172

173

174

175

176

177

178

179

180

181

182

183

184

185

[alsa.mixer.capture.headset]: [Capture]

[alsa.mixer.capture.master]: [Capture]

[alsa.mixer.playback.headset]: [Headphone]

[alsa.mixer.playback.master]: [Playback]

[alsa.mixer.playback.speaker]: [Playback]

[back_camera_name]: [adv7180_decoder]

[back_camera_orient]: [0]

[camera.disable_zsl_mode]: [1]

[dalvik.vm.dexopt-flags]: [m=y]

[dalvik.vm.heapgrowthlimit]: [64m]

[dalvik.vm.heapmaxfree]: [8m]

[dalvik.vm.heapminfree]: [512k]

[dalvik.vm.heapsize]: [384m]

[dalvik.vm.heapstartsize]: [8m]

[dalvik.vm.heaptargetutilization]: [0.75]

[dalvik.vm.jniopts]: [warnonly]

[dalvik.vm.stack-trace-file]: [/data/anr/traces.txt]

[debug.egl.hw]: [1]

[debug.force_rtl]: [0]

[debug.sf.enable_hgl]: [1]

[debug.sf.showfps]: [0]

[dev.bootcomplete]: [1]

[dhcp.wlan0.dns1]: [192.168.8.5]

[dhcp.wlan0.dns2]: [114.114.114.114]

[dhcp.wlan0.dns3]: []

[dhcp.wlan0.dns4]: []

[dhcp.wlan0.domain]: []

[dhcp.wlan0.gateway]: [192.168.23.1]

[dhcp.wlan0.ipaddress]: [192.168.23.100]

[dhcp.wlan0.leasetime]: [86400]

[dhcp.wlan0.mask]: [255.255.255.0]

[dhcp.wlan0.mtu]: []

[dhcp.wlan0.pid]: [1440]

[dhcp.wlan0.reason]: [REBOOT]

[dhcp.wlan0.result]: [ok]

[dhcp.wlan0.server]: [192.168.23.1]

[dhcp.wlan0.vendorInfo]: []

[front_camera_name]: [uvc]

[front_camera_orient]: [0]

[gsm.current.phone-type]: [1]

[gsm.network.type]: [Unknown]

[gsm.operator.alpha]: []

[gsm.operator.iso-country]: []

[gsm.operator.isroaming]: [false]

[gsm.operator.numeric]: []

[gsm.ril.delay]: [15]

[gsm.sim.state]: [NOT_READY]

[hw.backlight.dev]: [pwm-backlight.0]

[hw.bluetooth]: [0]

[hwc.enable_dither]: [1]

[hwc.stretch.filter]: [1]

[init.svc.adbd]: [running]

[init.svc.blueletd]: [running]

[init.svc.bootanim]: [stopped]

[init.svc.console]: [running]

[init.svc.debuggerd]: [running]

[init.svc.dhcpcd_wlan0]: [running]

[init.svc.drm]: [running]

[init.svc.healthd]: [running]

[init.svc.installd]: [running]

[init.svc.keystore]: [running]

[init.svc.magd]: [stopped]

[init.svc.mcu_server]: [running]

[init.svc.media]: [running]

[init.svc.netd]: [running]

[init.svc.ril-daemon]: [running]

[init.svc.sdcard]: [running]

[init.svc.servicemanager]: [running]

[init.svc.surfaceflinger]: [running]

[init.svc.tw8836]: [stopped]

[init.svc.ueventd]: [running]

[init.svc.vold]: [running]

[init.svc.watchdogd]: [running]

[init.svc.wifi_mac]: [stopped]

[init.svc.wpa_supplicant]: [running]

[init.svc.zygote]: [running]

[media.omxgm.enable-player]: [1]

[media.omxgm.enable-record]: [1]

[media.omxgm.enable-scan]: [1]

[media.wfd.video-bitrate]: [adaptive]

[net.bt.name]: [Android]

[net.change]: [net.dns2]

[net.dns1]: [192.168.8.5]

[net.dns2]: [114.114.114.114]

[net.hostname]: [android-4e5bb95fd128e923]

[net.qtaguid_enabled]: [1]

[net.tcp.buffersize.default]: [4096,87380,110208,4096,16384,110208]

[net.tcp.buffersize.edge]: [4093,26280,35040,4096,16384,35040]

[net.tcp.buffersize.ethernet]: [524288,2097152,4194304,524288,2097152,4194304]

[net.tcp.buffersize.evdo]: [4094,87380,262144,4096,16384,262144]

[net.tcp.buffersize.gprs]: [4092,8760,11680,4096,8760,11680]

[net.tcp.buffersize.hsdpa]: [4094,87380,262144,4096,16384,262144]

[net.tcp.buffersize.hspa]: [4094,87380,262144,4096,16384,262144]

[net.tcp.buffersize.hspap]: [4094,87380,1220608,4096,16384,1220608]

[net.tcp.buffersize.hsupa]: [4094,87380,262144,4096,16384,262144]

[net.tcp.buffersize.lte]: [524288,1048576,2097152,262144,524288,1048576]

[net.tcp.buffersize.umts]: [4094,87380,110208,4096,16384,110208]

[net.tcp.buffersize.wifi]: [524288,1048576,2097152,262144,524288,1048576]

[persist.sampling_profiler]: [1]

[persist.sys.country]: [CN]

[persist.sys.dalvik.vm.lib]: [libdvm.so]

[persist.sys.language]: [zh]

[persist.sys.localevar]: []

[persist.sys.profiler_ms]: [0]

[persist.sys.usb.config]: [mtp,adb]

[ro.FSL_AAC_PARSER]: [1]

[ro.FSL_ASF_PARSER]: [0]

[ro.FSL_AVI_PARSER]: [1]

[ro.FSL_FLAC_PARSER]: [1]

[ro.FSL_FLV_PARSER]: [1]

[ro.FSL_MKV_PARSER]: [1]

[ro.FSL_MPG2_PARSER]: [1]

[ro.FSL_REAL_PARSER]: [0]

[ro.adb.secure]: [1]

[ro.allow.mock.location]: [1]

[ro.baseband]: [unknown]

[ro.board.platform]: [imx6]

[ro.boot.console]: [ttymxc3]

[ro.boot.hardware]: [freescale]

[ro.boot.selinux]: [disabled]

[ro.boot.serialno]: [0a05a1d4e6b61f90]

[ro.bootloader]: [unknown]

[ro.bootmode]: [unknown]

[ro.build.characteristics]: [tablet]

[ro.build.date.utc]: [1508731143]

[ro.build.date]: [2017年 10月 23日星期一 11:59:03 CST]

[ro.build.description]: [sabreauto_6q-eng 4.4.3 2.0.0-rc2 20150123 dev-keys]

[ro.build.display.id]: [sabreauto_6q-eng 4.4.3 2.0.0-rc2 20150123 dev-keys]

[ro.build.fingerprint]: [Freescale/sabreauto_6q/sabreauto_6q:4.4.3/2.0.0-rc2/20150123:eng/dev-keys]

[ro.build.host]: [chinatsp]

[ro.build.id]: [2.0.0-rc2]

[ro.build.product]: [sabreauto_6q]

[ro.build.tags]: [dev-keys]

[ro.build.type]: [eng]

[ro.build.user]: [xuganggen]

[ro.build.version.codename]: [REL]

[ro.build.version.incremental]: [20150123]

[ro.build.version.release]: [4.4.3]

[ro.build.version.sdk]: [19]

[ro.carrier]: [unknown]

[ro.config.alarm_alert]: [Alarm_Classic.ogg]

[ro.config.notification_sound]: [OnTheHunt.ogg]

[ro.crypto.state]: [unencrypted]

[ro.debuggable]: [1]

[ro.factorytest]: [0]

[ro.hardware.lightsensor]: [/sys/class/i2c-dev/i2c-1/device/1-0044/]

[ro.hardware]: [freescale]

[ro.kernel.android.checkjni]: [1]

[ro.lightsensor.threshold]: [20]

[ro.opengles.version]: [196608]

[ro.product.board]: [SABREAUTO]

[ro.product.brand]: [Freescale]

[ro.product.cpu.abi2]: [armeabi]

[ro.product.cpu.abi]: [armeabi-v7a]

[ro.product.device]: [sabreauto_6q]

[ro.product.locale.language]: [en]

[ro.product.locale.region]: [US]

[ro.product.manufacturer]: [Freescale]

[ro.product.model]: [SABREAUTO-MX6Q]

[ro.product.name]: [sabreauto_6q]

[ro.revision]: [0]

[ro.ril.wake_lock_timeout]: [300]

[ro.runtime.firstboot]: [86414407]

[ro.secure]: [0]

[ro.serialno]: [0a05a1d4e6b61f90]

[ro.sf.hwrotation]: [0]

[ro.sf.lcd_density]: [160]

[ro.tether.denied]: [false]

[ro.wifi.channels]: []

[ro.zygote.disable_gl_preload]: [true]

[rw.VIDEO_RENDER_NAME]: [video_render.surface]

[service.bootanim.exit]: [1]

[sys.boot_completed]: [1]

[sys.emulated.battery]: [1]

[sys.interactive]: [active]

[sys.settings_global_version]: [2]

[sys.sysctl.extra_free_kbytes]: [16200]

[sys.usb.config]: [mtp,adb]

[sys.usb.state]: [mtp,adb]

[system_init.startsurfaceflinger]: [0]

[vold.post_fs_data_done]: [1]

[wifi.ap.interface]: [wlan0]

[wifi.interface]: [wlan0]

[wlan.driver.status]: [ok]

[wlan.interface]: [wlan0]

sqlite实现树型结构的查询

分类：Database, Sqlite 阅读 (2,519) No Responses »

10月 312017

此方法不可用！！！

使用RowID

select id,bname,parentid,1 as Level from boxes where parentid=0 
union all 
select a.id,a.bname,a.parentid,c.RowID as Level from boxes a 
inner join boxes b on a.parentid=b.id 
inner join 
(
      select parentid from boxes group by parentid
) c on a.parentid=c.parentid

select id,bname,parentid,1 as Level from boxes where parentid=0

union all

select a.id,a.bname,a.parentid,c.RowID as Level from boxes a

inner join boxes b on a.parentid=b.id

inner join

(

select parentid from boxes group by parentid

) c on a.parentid=c.parentid

Java实现回形遍历的代码

分类：Java, Java语言阅读 (1,832) No Responses »

10月 102017

本来以为这样的回形是有规律可循的，但是找了好长时间没找到，看来只能用遍历了。

x,y的使用有些乱，读者自己理一下吧

    private String huiXingBianLi(){
        final int FLAG_RIGHT = 0;
        final int FLAG_DOWN = 1;
        final int FLAG_LEFT = 2;
        final int FLAG_UP = 3;

        String resultStr = "";

        int flag = FLAG_RIGHT;
        final int countx = 10;
        final int county = 11;
        int x = 0, y = 0;
        int minx = 0, maxx = county - 1, miny = 1, maxy = countx - 1;
        int[][] result = new int[countx][county];

        int i = 0;
        while(i < countx * county){
            result[y][x] = ++i;

            if(flag == FLAG_RIGHT){
                if(x >= maxx){
                    maxx--;
                    y++;
                    flag = FLAG_DOWN;
                    continue;
                }else{
                    x++;
                }
            }

            if(flag == FLAG_DOWN){
                if(y >= maxy){
                    maxy--;
                    x--;
                    flag = FLAG_LEFT;
                    continue;
                }else{
                    y++;
                }
            }

            if(flag == FLAG_LEFT){
                if(x <= minx){
                    minx++;
                    y--;
                    flag = FLAG_UP;
                    continue;
                }else{
                    x--;
                }
            }

            if(flag == FLAG_UP){
                if(y <= miny){
                    miny++;
                    x++;
                    flag = FLAG_RIGHT;
                    continue;
                }else{
                    y--;
                }
            }
        }

        resultStr = "";
        for(int i1=0; i1 < countx ; i1++){
            for(int j1 = 0; j1 < county ; j1++){
                if(j1 == 0){
                    resultStr += String.format("   %03d", result[i1][j1]);
                }else {
                    resultStr += "..." + String.format("%03d", result[i1][j1]);
                }
            }

            resultStr += "\n";
        }

        return resultStr;
    }

private String huiXingBianLi(){

final int FLAG_RIGHT = 0;

final int FLAG_DOWN = 1;

final int FLAG_LEFT = 2;

final int FLAG_UP = 3;

String resultStr = "";

int flag = FLAG_RIGHT;

final int countx = 10;

final int county = 11;

int x = 0, y = 0;

int minx = 0, maxx = county - 1, miny = 1, maxy = countx - 1;

int[][] result = new int[countx][county];

int i = 0;

while(i < countx * county){

result[y][x] = ++i;

if(flag == FLAG_RIGHT){

if(x >= maxx){

maxx--;

y++;

flag = FLAG_DOWN;

continue;

}else{

x++;

}

if(flag == FLAG_DOWN){

if(y >= maxy){

maxy--;

x--;

flag = FLAG_LEFT;

continue;

}else{

y++;

}

if(flag == FLAG_LEFT){

if(x <= minx){

minx++;

y--;

flag = FLAG_UP;

continue;

}else{

x--;

}

if(flag == FLAG_UP){

if(y <= miny){

miny++;

x++;

flag = FLAG_RIGHT;

continue;

}else{

y--;

}

resultStr = "";

for(int i1=0; i1 < countx ; i1++){

for(int j1 = 0; j1 < county ; j1++){

if(j1 == 0){

resultStr += String.format(" %03d", result[i1][j1]);

}else {

resultStr += "..." + String.format("%03d", result[i1][j1]);

}

resultStr += "\n";

}

return resultStr;

}

结果展示：

   001...002...003...004...005...006...007...008...009...010...011
   038...039...040...041...042...043...044...045...046...047...012
   037...068...069...070...071...072...073...074...075...048...013
   036...067...090...091...092...093...094...095...076...049...014
   035...066...089...104...105...106...107...096...077...050...015
   034...065...088...103...110...109...108...097...078...051...016
   033...064...087...102...101...100...099...098...079...052...017
   032...063...086...085...084...083...082...081...080...053...018
   031...062...061...060...059...058...057...056...055...054...019
   030...029...028...027...026...025...024...023...022...021...020

001...002...003...004...005...006...007...008...009...010...011

038...039...040...041...042...043...044...045...046...047...012

037...068...069...070...071...072...073...074...075...048...013

036...067...090...091...092...093...094...095...076...049...014

035...066...089...104...105...106...107...096...077...050...015

034...065...088...103...110...109...108...097...078...051...016

033...064...087...102...101...100...099...098...079...052...017

032...063...086...085...084...083...082...081...080...053...018

031...062...061...060...059...058...057...056...055...054...019

030...029...028...027...026...025...024...023...022...021...020

使用adb获取android设备中的服务列表

分类：Android, Java 阅读 (5,004) No Responses »

9月 152017

我们可以使用adb shell dumpsys 来查看android设备中的相关服务信息，dumpsys后的参数为相关服务的名称。

比较常用的如：

adb shell dumpsys activity

adb shell dumpsys alarm

adb shell dumpsys activity

adb shell dumpsys alarm

那么我们如何查看其他我们可以dump的服务名称呢？答案是使用如下的命令即可获得android设备中的所有运行的服务列表

adb shell service list

1	adb shell service list

如下，是在我三星手机上运行命令获得的服务列表：

0	penableservice: []
1	hermesservice: [com.samsung.android.hermes.IKerykeion]
2	sip: [android.net.sip.ISipService]
3	phone: [com.android.internal.telephony.ITelephony]
4	isms: [com.android.internal.telephony.ISms]
5	iphonesubinfo: [com.android.internal.telephony.IPhoneSubInfo]
6	simphonebook: [com.android.internal.telephony.IIccPhoneBook]
7	handset: [com.gsma.services.utils.IHandset]
8	offhostservice: [com.gsma.services.nfc.IOffHostService]
9	secontroller: [com.gsma.services.nfc.ISEController]
10	nfccontroller: [com.gsma.services.nfc.INfcController]
11	com.broadcom.nfc.Factory: [com.broadcom.nfc.INfcFactory]
12	nfc: [android.nfc.INfcAdapter]
13	telecom: [com.android.internal.telecom.ITelecomService]
14	isub: [com.android.internal.telephony.ISub]
15	sec_analytics: [com.sec.analytics.data.collection.serviceif.IDataCollectionManager]
16	edmnativehelper: [mdm.edmnativehelperservice]
17	imms: [com.android.internal.telephony.IMms]
18	lpnet: [android.os.ILpnetManager]
19	media_projection: [android.media.projection.IMediaProjectionManager]
20	voip: [android.os.IVoIPInterface]
21	launcherapps: [android.content.pm.ILauncherApps]
22	fingerprint: [android.service.fingerprint.IFingerprintService]
23	trust: [android.app.trust.ITrustManager]
24	media_router: [android.media.IMediaRouterService]
25	media_session: [android.media.session.ISessionManager]
26	restrictions: [android.content.IRestrictionsManager]
27	print: [android.print.IPrintManager]
28	assetatlas: [android.view.IAssetAtlas]
29	dreams: [android.service.dreams.IDreamManager]
30	commontime_management: []
31	samplingprofiler: []
32	quickconnect: [com.samsung.android.quickconnect.IQuickConnectManager]
33	spengestureservice: [com.samsung.android.smartclip.ISpenGestureService]
34	mDNIe: [com.samsung.android.mdnie.IMdnieManager]
35	diskstats: []
36	SecExternalDisplayService: [android.os.ISecExternalDisplayService]
37	voiceinteraction: [com.android.internal.app.IVoiceInteractionManagerService]
38	appwidget: [com.android.internal.appwidget.IAppWidgetService]
39	backup: [android.app.backup.IBackupManager]
40	jobscheduler: [android.app.job.IJobScheduler]
41	uimode: [android.app.IUiModeManager]
42	serial: [android.hardware.ISerialManager]
43	usb: [android.hardware.usb.IUsbManager]
44	DockObserver: []
45	audio: [android.media.IAudioService]
46	wallpaper: [android.app.IWallpaperManager]
47	dropbox: [com.android.internal.os.IDropBoxManagerService]
48	search: [android.app.ISearchManager]
49	country_detector: [android.location.ICountryDetector]
50	location: [android.location.ILocationManager]
51	devicestoragemonitor: []
52	notification: [android.app.INotificationManager]
53	updatelock: [android.os.IUpdateLock]
54	servicediscovery: [android.net.nsd.INsdManager]
55	sb_service: [com.samsung.android.smartbonding.ISmartBondingService]
56	connectivity: [android.net.IConnectivityManager]
57	rttmanager: [android.net.wifi.IRttManager]
58	wifiscanner: [android.net.wifi.IWifiScanner]
59	msapwifi: [android.net.wifi.IMsapWifiManager]
60	wifi: [android.net.wifi.IWifiManager]
61	wifip2p: [android.net.wifi.p2p.IWifiP2pManager]
62	netpolicy: [android.net.INetworkPolicyManager]
63	netstats: [android.net.INetworkStatsService]
64	network_score: [android.net.INetworkScoreService]
65	textservices: [com.android.internal.textservice.ITextServicesManager]
66	ABTPersistenceService: [com.absolute.android.persistence.IABTPersistence]
67	network_management: [android.os.INetworkManagementService]
68	clipboardEx: [android.sec.clipboard.IClipboardService]
69	clipboard: [android.content.IClipboard]
70	statusbar: [com.android.internal.statusbar.IStatusBarService]
71	enterprise_policy: [android.app.enterprise.IEnterpriseDeviceManager]
72	knox_timakeystore_policy: [com.sec.enterprise.knox.keystore.ITimaKeystore]
73	enterprise_billing_policy: [com.sec.enterprise.knox.billing.IEnterpriseBillingPolicy]
74	mum_container_policy: [com.sec.enterprise.knox.container.IKnoxContainerManager]
75	remoteinjection: [android.app.enterprise.remotecontrol.IRemoteInjection]
76	phone_restriction_policy: [android.app.enterprise.IPhoneRestrictionPolicy]
77	wifi_policy: [android.app.enterprise.IWifiPolicy]
78	application_policy: [android.app.enterprise.IApplicationPolicy]
79	enterprise_license_policy: [android.app.enterprise.license.IEnterpriseLicense]
80	log_manager_service: [android.app.enterprise.ILogManager]
81	sdp: [android.service.sdp.ISdpManagerService]
82	harmony_eas_service: [android.content.IHarmonyEAS]
83	device_policy: [android.app.admin.IDevicePolicyManager]
84	lock_settings: [com.android.internal.widget.ILockSettings]
85	mount: [IMountService]
86	cover: [com.samsung.android.cover.ICoverManager]
87	motion_recognition: [com.samsung.android.motion.IMotionRecognitionService]
88	accessibility: [android.view.accessibility.IAccessibilityManager]
89	input_method: [com.android.internal.view.IInputMethodManager]
90	rcp: [android.os.IRCPManager]
91	bluetooth_secure_mode_manager: [android.bluetooth.IBluetoothSecureManagerService]
92	bluetooth_manager: [android.bluetooth.IBluetoothManager]
93	tactileassist: [android.os.ITactileAssistService]
94	input: [android.hardware.input.IInputManager]
95	window: [android.view.IWindowManager]
96	multiwindow_facade: [com.samsung.android.multiwindow.IMultiWindowFacade]
97	barbeam: [android.app.IBarBeamService]
98	scontext: [android.hardware.scontext.ISContextService]
99	context_aware: [com.samsung.android.contextaware.manager.IContextAwareService]
100	alarm: [android.app.IAlarmManager]
101	consumer_ir: [android.hardware.IConsumerIrService]
102	samsung.smartfaceservice: [com.samsung.android.smartface.ISmartFaceService]
103	CustomFrequencyManagerService: [android.os.ICustomFrequencyManager]
104	CCM: []
105	cepproxyks: [com.samsung.android.cepproxyks.ISCEPKeystoreService]
106	TUI: []
107	tima: [android.service.tima.ITimaService]
108	vibrator: [android.os.IVibratorService]
109	sedenial: [android.service.ISEDenialService]
110	ReactiveService: [com.samsung.android.service.reactive.IReactiveService]
111	DirEncryptService: [IDirEncryptService]
112	content: [android.content.IContentService]
113	account: [android.accounts.IAccountManager]
114	persona: [android.os.IPersonaManager]
115	SEAMService: [com.sec.enterprise.knox.seams.ISEAMS]
116	entropy: []
117	telephony.registry: [com.android.internal.telephony.ITelephonyRegistry]
118	scheduling_policy: [android.os.ISchedulingPolicyService]
119	webviewupdate: [android.webkit.IWebViewUpdateService]
120	usagestats: [android.app.usage.IUsageStatsManager]
121	battery: []
122	hardware: [android.os.IHardwareService]
123	permission: [android.os.IPermissionController]
124	cpuinfo: []
125	dbinfo: []
126	gfxinfo: []
127	meminfo: []
128	procstats: [com.android.internal.app.IProcessStats]
129	activity: [android.app.IActivityManager]
130	user: [android.os.IUserManager]
131	package: [android.content.pm.IPackageManager]
132	persona_policy: [android.content.pm.IPersonaPolicyManager]
133	display: [android.hardware.display.IDisplayManager]
134	power: [android.os.IPowerManager]
135	appops: [com.android.internal.app.IAppOpsService]
136	batterystats: [com.android.internal.app.IBatteryStats]
137	sensorservice: [android.gui.SensorServer]
138	mdm.remotedesktop: [mdm.samsung.IRemoteDesktopService]
139	media.sound_trigger_hw: [android.hardware.ISoundTriggerHwService]
140	media.transcoder: [android.media.ITranscoderService]
141	media.audio_policy: [android.media.IAudioPolicyService]
142	listen.service: [com.qualcomm.listen.IListenService]
143	media.camera: [android.hardware.ICameraService]
144	media.player: [android.media.IMediaPlayerService]
145	media.audio_flinger: [android.media.IAudioFlinger]
146	android.security.keystore: [android.security.keystore]
147	SurfaceFlinger: [android.ui.ISurfaceComposer]
148	sensorhubservice: [android.gui.SensorHubServer]
149	display.qservice: [android.display.IQService]
150	drm.drmManager: [drm.IDrmManagerService]
151	batteryproperties: [android.os.IBatteryPropertiesRegistrar]
152	com.samsung.android.jam.IAndroidShm: [com.samsung.android.jam.IAndroidShm]
153	com.samsung.android.jam.IAPAService: [com.samsung.android.jam.IAPAService]
154	com.samsung.android.jam.IJackService: [com.samsung.android.jam.IJackService]
155	TvoutService_C: [android.hardware.ISecExternalDisplayService]

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

109

110

111

112

113

114

115

116

117

118

119

120

121

122

123

124

125

126

127

128

129

130

131

132

133

134

135

136

137

138

139

140

141

142

143

144

145

146

147

148

149

150

151

152

153

154

155

156

0 penableservice: []

1 hermesservice: [com.samsung.android.hermes.IKerykeion]

2 sip: [android.net.sip.ISipService]

3 phone: [com.android.internal.telephony.ITelephony]

4 isms: [com.android.internal.telephony.ISms]

5 iphonesubinfo: [com.android.internal.telephony.IPhoneSubInfo]

6 simphonebook: [com.android.internal.telephony.IIccPhoneBook]

7 handset: [com.gsma.services.utils.IHandset]

8 offhostservice: [com.gsma.services.nfc.IOffHostService]

9 secontroller: [com.gsma.services.nfc.ISEController]

10 nfccontroller: [com.gsma.services.nfc.INfcController]

11 com.broadcom.nfc.Factory: [com.broadcom.nfc.INfcFactory]

12 nfc: [android.nfc.INfcAdapter]

13 telecom: [com.android.internal.telecom.ITelecomService]

14 isub: [com.android.internal.telephony.ISub]

15 sec_analytics: [com.sec.analytics.data.collection.serviceif.IDataCollectionManager]

16 edmnativehelper: [mdm.edmnativehelperservice]

17 imms: [com.android.internal.telephony.IMms]

18 lpnet: [android.os.ILpnetManager]

19 media_projection: [android.media.projection.IMediaProjectionManager]

20 voip: [android.os.IVoIPInterface]

21 launcherapps: [android.content.pm.ILauncherApps]

22 fingerprint: [android.service.fingerprint.IFingerprintService]

23 trust: [android.app.trust.ITrustManager]

24 media_router: [android.media.IMediaRouterService]

25 media_session: [android.media.session.ISessionManager]

26 restrictions: [android.content.IRestrictionsManager]

27 print: [android.print.IPrintManager]

28 assetatlas: [android.view.IAssetAtlas]

29 dreams: [android.service.dreams.IDreamManager]

30 commontime_management: []

31 samplingprofiler: []

32 quickconnect: [com.samsung.android.quickconnect.IQuickConnectManager]

33 spengestureservice: [com.samsung.android.smartclip.ISpenGestureService]

34 mDNIe: [com.samsung.android.mdnie.IMdnieManager]

35 diskstats: []

36 SecExternalDisplayService: [android.os.ISecExternalDisplayService]

37 voiceinteraction: [com.android.internal.app.IVoiceInteractionManagerService]

38 appwidget: [com.android.internal.appwidget.IAppWidgetService]

39 backup: [android.app.backup.IBackupManager]

40 jobscheduler: [android.app.job.IJobScheduler]

41 uimode: [android.app.IUiModeManager]

42 serial: [android.hardware.ISerialManager]

43 usb: [android.hardware.usb.IUsbManager]

44 DockObserver: []

45 audio: [android.media.IAudioService]

46 wallpaper: [android.app.IWallpaperManager]

47 dropbox: [com.android.internal.os.IDropBoxManagerService]

48 search: [android.app.ISearchManager]

49 country_detector: [android.location.ICountryDetector]

50 location: [android.location.ILocationManager]

51 devicestoragemonitor: []

52 notification: [android.app.INotificationManager]

53 updatelock: [android.os.IUpdateLock]

54 servicediscovery: [android.net.nsd.INsdManager]

55 sb_service: [com.samsung.android.smartbonding.ISmartBondingService]

56 connectivity: [android.net.IConnectivityManager]

57 rttmanager: [android.net.wifi.IRttManager]

58 wifiscanner: [android.net.wifi.IWifiScanner]

59 msapwifi: [android.net.wifi.IMsapWifiManager]

60 wifi: [android.net.wifi.IWifiManager]

61 wifip2p: [android.net.wifi.p2p.IWifiP2pManager]

62 netpolicy: [android.net.INetworkPolicyManager]

63 netstats: [android.net.INetworkStatsService]

64 network_score: [android.net.INetworkScoreService]

65 textservices: [com.android.internal.textservice.ITextServicesManager]

66 ABTPersistenceService: [com.absolute.android.persistence.IABTPersistence]

67 network_management: [android.os.INetworkManagementService]

68 clipboardEx: [android.sec.clipboard.IClipboardService]

69 clipboard: [android.content.IClipboard]

70 statusbar: [com.android.internal.statusbar.IStatusBarService]

71 enterprise_policy: [android.app.enterprise.IEnterpriseDeviceManager]

72 knox_timakeystore_policy: [com.sec.enterprise.knox.keystore.ITimaKeystore]

73 enterprise_billing_policy: [com.sec.enterprise.knox.billing.IEnterpriseBillingPolicy]

74 mum_container_policy: [com.sec.enterprise.knox.container.IKnoxContainerManager]

75 remoteinjection: [android.app.enterprise.remotecontrol.IRemoteInjection]

76 phone_restriction_policy: [android.app.enterprise.IPhoneRestrictionPolicy]

77 wifi_policy: [android.app.enterprise.IWifiPolicy]

78 application_policy: [android.app.enterprise.IApplicationPolicy]

79 enterprise_license_policy: [android.app.enterprise.license.IEnterpriseLicense]

80 log_manager_service: [android.app.enterprise.ILogManager]

81 sdp: [android.service.sdp.ISdpManagerService]

82 harmony_eas_service: [android.content.IHarmonyEAS]

83 device_policy: [android.app.admin.IDevicePolicyManager]

84 lock_settings: [com.android.internal.widget.ILockSettings]

85 mount: [IMountService]

86 cover: [com.samsung.android.cover.ICoverManager]

87 motion_recognition: [com.samsung.android.motion.IMotionRecognitionService]

88 accessibility: [android.view.accessibility.IAccessibilityManager]

89 input_method: [com.android.internal.view.IInputMethodManager]

90 rcp: [android.os.IRCPManager]

91 bluetooth_secure_mode_manager: [android.bluetooth.IBluetoothSecureManagerService]

92 bluetooth_manager: [android.bluetooth.IBluetoothManager]

93 tactileassist: [android.os.ITactileAssistService]

94 input: [android.hardware.input.IInputManager]

95 window: [android.view.IWindowManager]

96 multiwindow_facade: [com.samsung.android.multiwindow.IMultiWindowFacade]

97 barbeam: [android.app.IBarBeamService]

98 scontext: [android.hardware.scontext.ISContextService]

99 context_aware: [com.samsung.android.contextaware.manager.IContextAwareService]

100 alarm: [android.app.IAlarmManager]

101 consumer_ir: [android.hardware.IConsumerIrService]

102 samsung.smartfaceservice: [com.samsung.android.smartface.ISmartFaceService]

103 CustomFrequencyManagerService: [android.os.ICustomFrequencyManager]

104 CCM: []

105 cepproxyks: [com.samsung.android.cepproxyks.ISCEPKeystoreService]

106 TUI: []

107 tima: [android.service.tima.ITimaService]

108 vibrator: [android.os.IVibratorService]

109 sedenial: [android.service.ISEDenialService]

110 ReactiveService: [com.samsung.android.service.reactive.IReactiveService]

111 DirEncryptService: [IDirEncryptService]

112 content: [android.content.IContentService]

113 account: [android.accounts.IAccountManager]

114 persona: [android.os.IPersonaManager]

115 SEAMService: [com.sec.enterprise.knox.seams.ISEAMS]

116 entropy: []

117 telephony.registry: [com.android.internal.telephony.ITelephonyRegistry]

118 scheduling_policy: [android.os.ISchedulingPolicyService]

119 webviewupdate: [android.webkit.IWebViewUpdateService]

120 usagestats: [android.app.usage.IUsageStatsManager]

121 battery: []

122 hardware: [android.os.IHardwareService]

123 permission: [android.os.IPermissionController]

124 cpuinfo: []

125 dbinfo: []

126 gfxinfo: []

127 meminfo: []

128 procstats: [com.android.internal.app.IProcessStats]

129 activity: [android.app.IActivityManager]

130 user: [android.os.IUserManager]

131 package: [android.content.pm.IPackageManager]

132 persona_policy: [android.content.pm.IPersonaPolicyManager]

133 display: [android.hardware.display.IDisplayManager]

134 power: [android.os.IPowerManager]

135 appops: [com.android.internal.app.IAppOpsService]

136 batterystats: [com.android.internal.app.IBatteryStats]

137 sensorservice: [android.gui.SensorServer]

138 mdm.remotedesktop: [mdm.samsung.IRemoteDesktopService]

139 media.sound_trigger_hw: [android.hardware.ISoundTriggerHwService]

140 media.transcoder: [android.media.ITranscoderService]

141 media.audio_policy: [android.media.IAudioPolicyService]

142 listen.service: [com.qualcomm.listen.IListenService]

143 media.camera: [android.hardware.ICameraService]

144 media.player: [android.media.IMediaPlayerService]

145 media.audio_flinger: [android.media.IAudioFlinger]

146 android.security.keystore: [android.security.keystore]

147 SurfaceFlinger: [android.ui.ISurfaceComposer]

148 sensorhubservice: [android.gui.SensorHubServer]

149 display.qservice: [android.display.IQService]

150 drm.drmManager: [drm.IDrmManagerService]

151 batteryproperties: [android.os.IBatteryPropertiesRegistrar]

152 com.samsung.android.jam.IAndroidShm: [com.samsung.android.jam.IAndroidShm]

153 com.samsung.android.jam.IAPAService: [com.samsung.android.jam.IAPAService]

154 com.samsung.android.jam.IJackService: [com.samsung.android.jam.IJackService]

155 TvoutService_C: [android.hardware.ISecExternalDisplayService]

使用adb查看android设备的屏幕尺寸

分类：Android, Java 阅读 (7,872) No Responses »

9月 142017

使用以下命令可以查看android设备的屏幕尺寸

adb shell dumpsys window displays

adb shell wm size

adb shell dumpsys window displays

adb shell wm size

如果两个命令都不能执行就只能自己写程序来获得尺寸了

Page 17 of 39 Newer Entries 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 Older Entries